Para além da fisioterapia: Ondas de Choque nas Tendinopatias do Membro Superior

Autores

  • Tiago Jorge Ribeiro MFR, Centro de Reabilitação do Norte, Unidade Local de Saúde Gaia/Espinho. Portugal
  • Inês Morais Bento MGF, USF Arco do Prado, Unidade Local de Saúde Gaia/Espinho. Portugal https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8790-1092
  • Marta Perro Neves MGF, USF Arco do Prado, Unidade Local de Saúde Gaia/Espinho. Portugal
  • Sara Teixeira MGF, USF Arco do Prado, Unidade Local de Saúde Gaia/Espinho. Portugal
  • Ana Duarte MGF, USF Arco do Prado, Unidade Local de Saúde Gaia/Espinho. Portugal

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.25759/spmfr.508

Palavras-chave:

Terapia por Ondas de Choque, Tendinopatia do Ombro, Epicondilite, Tendinopatias do Membro Superior

Resumo

Introdução e objetivos: A Tendinopatia do Ombro (TO) e a Epicondilite (EL) resultam em dor e incapacidade funcional. Apesar de a maioria dos casos melhorar com o uso de tratamentos conservadores, o risco de recorrência é alto. Neste contexto, a Terapia de Ondas de Choque Extracorporais (ESWT) surge como uma hipótese segura, eficaz e não invasiva. Objetivo: agregar os conhecimentos mais recentes sobre a ESWT nas tendinopatias do membro superior.

Material e Métodos: Revisão Baseada na Evidência. Critérios de inclusão: Revisões Sistemáticas (RS), Meta- análises (MA), Estudos Clínicos Randomizados (RCT) e Guidelines, em inglês, português e espanhol, publicados entre janeiro de 2017 a junho de 2023. Critérios de exclusão: artigos publicados em revistas não peer-reviewed, ainda a decorrer ou com custo adicional. Consultadas Pubmed, Cochrane Library e ClinicalTrials.gov e páginas de sociedades para recolha de Guidelines. Para os níveis de evidência (NE), foi utilizada a Strength of Recommendation Taxonomy (SORT).

Resultados: De 118 artigos, selecionaram-se 35. Relativamente à TO calcificante, a ESWT é considerada pelas Guidelines internacionais como indicação de primeira linha. Quatro RS, três MA e cinco RCT incluídos corroboram esta indicação. Duas das RS não encontraram diferenças comparando ESWT com outras terapias. Relativamente à EL lateral, a ESWT é considerada pelas Guidelines como tratamento quando refratária. A evidência incluída apoia esta recomendação, com três RS, três MA e treze RCT a relatar melhorias da dor e funcionalidade do cotovelo. Contudo, duas RS não encontraram diferenças na comparação com outros métodos. Os efeitos adversos foram transitórios e pouco frequentes.

Conclusões: A maioria dos artigos foi classificado com NE 1, no entanto, os protocolos usados pelos artigos na aplicação de ESWT foram heterogéneos. Foi atribuída uma Força de Recomendação B no uso de ESWT nestas duas patologias - técnica segura e eficaz, com efeitos adversos pouco frequentes, mas são necessários mais estudos com protocolos padronizados.

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Publicado

2026-05-31

Como Citar

1.
Ribeiro TJ, Bento IM, Perro Neves M, Teixeira S, Duarte A. Para além da fisioterapia: Ondas de Choque nas Tendinopatias do Membro Superior. SPMFR [Internet]. 31 de Maio de 2026 [citado 1 de Junho de 2026];38(1):26-40. Disponível em: https://www.spmfrjournal.org/index.php/spmfr/article/view/508

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